A Hot Water Battle Online =LINK= Free

These two fountains dispense water from cold springs, whose sources are different from the hot springs. Whittington Spring flows out of West Mountain, and Happy Hollow Spring flows out of North Mountain. The Arkansas Department of health requires formal treatment of these springs, and ozone filtration systems are used because they have been deemed the least intrusive of the acceptable methods. Very little ozone remains in the water by the time it reaches the spigot. There is no "treated" taste. The park provides spring water free of charge at all of its jug fountains. Regulations prohibit private individuals from selling any of the park's waters.

Finally, some bottles are preemptive in limiting the growth of funk, like the Waatr CrazyCap 2 bottle. By exposing the interior of the bottle to UV light every four hours, the CrazyCap sanitizes itself and keeps your water funk-free.

Islanders with a low-income may be eligible for a free electric hot water heater for their homes. To be eligible, you must have an annual household income of $55,000 or less, you must own your home, it must be your principle residence, and the property must be valued at $300,000 or less (tax assessed value). Your water must currently be heated by fossil fuels (heating oil or propane) to be eligible.

You can apply for a free electric hot water heater online by clicking the blue button at the bottom of this page. You will be redirected to an application form that is used to apply for free heat pumps, free insulation and free electric hot water heaters. Simply select the equipment you're interested in.

This application form may also be used to apply for a free heat pump, free insulation and a free electric hot water heater. Simply check off which upgrades you are interested in. There is no need to apply more than once.

Wondering how to tell if a water bottle is BPA free? You need to consider this when trying to shift to a sustainable lifestyle while protecting your health. With that said, we're giving tips on determining if you're using a BPA-safe drinking bottle.

To tell if your water bottle is BPA free, avoid bottles with numbers 3, 6, and 7 recycling codes. Another way is to check if the bottle uses polycarbonate or epoxy liner, which can leach BPA. You should also avoid bottles with BPF or BPS as these chemicals are substitutes for BPA.

Bisphenol A or BPA is a colorless material poorly soluble in water. This is why when you put hot or cold drinks, the chemical may just leach into the beverage. To ensure you can drink clean water, there are ways to detect if your bottle is free from BPA.

A plastic bottle free of BPA should have numbers 1, 2, 4, or 5 recycling codes. For other materials, the bottle shouldn't have polycarbonate, epoxy liner, BPF, or BPS. To ensure your bottle doesn't have these components, try a stainless steel water bottle with several benefits for the body and environment.

Adding ice to cold drinks, or freezing water in the bottle, and making sure that hot liquids are as hot as the bottle allows, can help to prolong the length of time that an insulated bottle will stay effective.

Our Podium series bottles are made primarily from TruTaste polypropylene, a proprietary blend of polypropylene that is food-safe and taste-free. Ordinary bike bottles are usually made of low-density polyethylene that can flavor or distort the taste of your water, but CamelBak TruTaste bottles keep your water tasting clean and pure.

"To the first part of the question--'Does hot water freeze faster than cold water?'--the answer is 'Not usually, but possibly under certain conditions.' It takes 540 calories to vaporize one gram of water, whereas it takes 100 calories to bring one gram of liquid water from 0 degrees Celsius to 100 degrees C. When water is hotter than 80 degrees C, the rate of cooling by rapid vaporization is very high because each evaporating gram draws at least 540 calories from the water left behind. This is a very large amount of heat compared with the one calorie per Celsius degree that is drawn from each gram of water that cools by regular thermal conduction.

"It all depends on how fast the cooling occurs, and it turns out that hot water will not freeze before cold water but will freeze before lukewarm water. Water at 100 degrees C, for example, will freeze before water warmer than 60 degrees C but not before water cooler than 60 degrees C. This phenomenon is particularly evident when the surface area that cools by rapid evaporation is large compared with the amount of water involved, such as when you wash a car with hot water on a cold winter day. [For reference, look at Conceptual Physics, by Paul G. Hewitt (HarperCollins, 1993).]

"Another situation in which hot water may freeze faster is when a pan of cold water and a pan of hot water of equal mass are placed in a freezer compartment. There is the effect of evaporation mentioned above, and also the thermal contact with the freezer shelf will cool the bottom part of the body of water. If water is cold enough, close to four degrees C (the temperature at which water is densest), then near-freezing water at the bottom will rise to the top. Convection currents will continue until the entire body of water is 0 degrees C, at which point all the water finally freezes. If the water is initially hot, cooled water at the bottom is denser than the hot water at the top, so no convection will occur and the bottom part will start freezing while the top is still warm. This effect, combined with the evaporation effect, may make hot water freeze faster than cold water in some cases. In this case, of course, the freezer will have worked harder during the given amount of time, extracting more heat from hot water."

"There are two ways in which hot water could freeze faster than cold water. One way [described in Jearl Walker's book The Flying Circus of Physics (Wiley, 1975)] depends on the fact that hot water evaporates faster, so that if you started with equal masses of hot and cold water, there would soon be less of the hot water to freeze, and hence it would overtake the cold water and freeze first, because the lesser the mass, the shorter the freezing time. The other way it could happen (in the case of a flat-bottomed dish of water placed in a freezer) is if the hot water melts the ice under the bottom of the dish, leading to a better thermal contact when it refreezes." �

"You can readily set up an experiment to learn which freezes earlier: water that is initially hot, or water that is initially cold. Use a given setting on an electric hot plate and clock the time between start and boiling for a given pot containing, say, one quart of water; first start with the water as cold as the tap will provide and then repeat it with the hottest water available from that tap. I'd wager the quart of water initially hot will come to a boil in much less time than the quart of water initially cold.

"The freezing experiment is harder to perform, because it ideally requires a walk-in cold storage chamber that is set to a temperature below freezing. Take into the chamber two quart-volume milk bottles filled with water, one from a hot tap and the other from a cold tap outside the chamber. Time them to freezing, and I would wager again that the initially colder water will freeze sooner than the initially hot water."

[We would add that, if you don't want to suffer in a walk-in freezer, you can conduct a reasonably good version of the above experiment in the freezer compartment of your refrigerator; just don't check the water too often-in which case it will never freeze-or too infrequently, in which case you may miss the moment when one container is frozen but not the other.]

We offer free water-efficient fixtures including hose shutoff nozzles, faucet aerators, showerheads, shower timers and leak detection dye tablets. We also provide free phone consultations to help you find the conservation programs and rebates that work best for you. Call 415.945.1523 or email Conservation@MarinWater.org to request fixtures or schedule a consultation.

Infant formula comes in three forms: powder formula, concentrated liquid formula and ready-to-feed (non-concentrated) formula. If you use infant formula for your baby, no matter which form, be sure to follow directions closely. Formula that is diluted with too much water, for example, can cause serious health and development problems for your baby. It's also important to use clean water for a safe source free of bacteria or other microorganisms that may cause disease, and low in certain minerals and contaminants that may be harmful. Read on to learn more.

One night, in Central Africa, I had worked hard to help a mother in the labor ward; but in spite of all that we could do, she died leaving us with a tiny, premature baby and a crying, two-year-old daughter. We would have difficulty keeping the baby alive. We had no incubator. We had no electricity to run an incubator, and no special feeding facilities. Although we lived on the equator, nights were often chilly with treacherous drafts. A student-midwife went for the box we had for such babies and for the cotton wool that the baby would be wrapped in. Another went to stoke up the fire and fill a hot water bottle. She came back shortly, in distress, to tell me that in filling the bottle, it had burst. Rubber perishes easily in tropical climates. "...and it is our last hot water bottle!" she exclaimed. As in the West, it is no good crying over spilled milk; so, in Central Africa it might be considered no good crying over a burst water bottle. They do not grow on trees, and there are no drugstores down forest pathways. All right," I said, "Put the baby as near the fire as you safely can; sleep between the baby and the door to keep it free from drafts. Your job is to keep the baby warm." The following noon, as I did most days, I went to have prayers with many of the orphanage children who chose to gather with me. I gave the youngsters various suggestions of things to pray about and told them about the tiny baby. I explained our problem about keeping the baby warm enough, mentioning the hot water bottle. The baby could so easily die if it got chilled. I also told them about the two-year-old sister, crying because her mother had died. 2b1af7f3a8